ASCP Histotechnician Certification 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Hematoxylin is a dye commonly used in histology that primarily stains nuclei and nucleic acids within tissue samples. This is because hematoxylin binds to acidic components in cells, specifically the negatively charged DNA and RNA, which are largely found in the nucleus. The affinity of hematoxylin for these components makes it invaluable for visualizing cell morphology and identifying various cellular structures in histopathological examinations.

The interaction between hematoxylin and nucleic acids results in a distinct blue-purple coloration, allowing for clear differentiation between nuclear material and the surrounding cytoplasmic components. This staining is crucial for pathologists to assess cell abnormalities, such as those seen in cancerous tissues.

In contrast, other staining options mentioned in the choices do not align with hematoxylin's primary function. For instance, cell membranes and cytoplasm are typically stained with other dyes that highlight lipid and protein structures, while connective tissues and collagen require specific stains like Masson's trichrome to visualize their components. Mitochondria and ribosomes also need different techniques or stains for effective visualization. Thus, the specificity of hematoxylin for nuclei and nucleic acids underscores its importance in histological staining protocols.